Federal Financial Management Glossary

Decode the language of federal FM.

Plain-English definitions for the acronyms and terms federal financial management professionals use every day. Search by term, expansion, or definition.

27 terms
  • ADA

    Fiscal Law
    Antideficiency Act

    Federal law that prohibits obligating or expending funds in excess of, or in advance of, an appropriation. Violations are reportable to Congress and the President.

  • Allotment

    Execution

    The agency-level subdivision of an apportionment that authorizes a subordinate organization to incur obligations within a specific amount.

  • Apportionment

    Execution

    The OMB action that distributes appropriated funds to an agency by time period, activity, or project to prevent overspending.

  • CDFM

    Certification
    Certified Defense Financial Manager

    A certification administered by the American Society of Military Comptrollers (ASMC) for defense financial management professionals.

  • CGFM

    Certification
    Certified Government Financial Manager

    A certification administered by AGA for federal, state, and local government financial managers.

  • Colors of Money

    Fiscal Law

    Slang for the various appropriation types (O&M, RDT&E, Procurement, MILPERS, MILCON) — each with its own purpose and period of availability.

  • DAI

    Systems
    Defense Agencies Initiative

    A standardized ERP system used by many defense agencies for financial management and accounting.

  • DD 448

    Execution
    DoD MIPR Form

    The actual MIPR form used to obligate and transfer funds across DoD components.

  • DTS

    DoD
    Defense Travel System

    The DoD's official system for booking travel, generating vouchers, and reimbursing official travel expenses.

  • FMR

    DoD
    DoD Financial Management Regulation

    DoD 7000.14-R — the comprehensive financial management policy guidance issued by OUSD(C).

  • FYDP

    Budgeting
    Future Years Defense Program

    The DoD's five-year program and financial plan covering the budget year plus four out-years.

  • GFEBS

    Systems
    General Fund Enterprise Business System

    The Army's ERP system for general fund financial management.

  • GTAS

    Reporting
    Governmentwide Treasury Account Symbol Adjusted Trial Balance System

    Treasury's system agencies use to submit budgetary and proprietary financial data for governmentwide reporting.

  • MILCON

    Appropriation
    Military Construction

    Appropriation used for major construction projects. Generally five-year money.

  • MIPR

    Execution
    Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request

    A document used to transfer funds between DoD components or to a non-DoD federal agency to acquire goods or services.

  • Navy ERP

    Systems

    The Navy's enterprise resource planning system for financial and supply management.

  • O&M

    Appropriation
    Operation and Maintenance

    Appropriation used for day-to-day operating costs. Generally one-year money.

  • Obligation

    Execution

    A definite commitment that creates a legal liability of the government for the payment of goods or services.

  • OMB

    Oversight
    Office of Management and Budget

    The Executive Office of the President component that develops the President's Budget and oversees agency budget execution.

  • OUSD(C)

    DoD
    Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)

    The DoD's principal financial management organization, responsible for budget, accounting, and audit policy across the department.

  • Outlay

    Execution

    The actual payment — cash leaving Treasury — to liquidate an obligation.

  • POM

    Budgeting
    Program Objective Memorandum

    The DoD's programming-phase deliverable that proposes how resources will be allocated across a Future Years Defense Program (FYDP).

  • PPBE

    Budgeting
    Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution

    The Department of Defense resource allocation process that turns strategy into funded programs across a multi-year cycle.

  • RDT&E

    Appropriation
    Research, Development, Test and Evaluation

    Appropriation used for research and development activities. Generally two-year money.

  • SFIS

    Reporting
    Standard Financial Information Structure

    A common data structure mandated by Treasury and OMB so federal financial systems can report the same data the same way. Think of it as the federal chart of accounts framework.

  • TAS

    Reporting
    Treasury Account Symbol

    A unique identifier assigned by Treasury for every appropriation or fund account. The address used to track money from Congress to execution.

  • USSGL

    Accounting
    United States Standard General Ledger

    The standardized chart of accounts that all federal agencies use for proprietary and budgetary accounting.

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